Marine plants introduction1600字
Land plants have flowers and plants trees, they constitute a large forest, grassland or garden green land.Plants are called seaweed in the sea, some seaweed is very small, need microscope amplification dozens of times, hundreds to see it.They are made up of single cell or a bunch of cells, with different colors of branches and leaves, branches and leaves floating in the water.The growth and reproduction of single-celled seaweed fast, can add many times a day.Although, they are constantly under all kinds of fish and shrimp eat, but the number is still large.
Large seaweed dozens or even hundreds of metres long, their soft body close to the bottom of the sea, the waves hit swing back and forth, but it is not easy to be broken.The economic value of seaweed is very high, kelp, laver and AGAR weed in shallow water, as China is very good food, some can also extract iodine, bromide, potassium chloride and other industrial raw materials and pharmaceutical raw materials.
Seaweed is a Marine animal food.Some sea animals are herbivorous, others by eating "herbivorous animals to maintain life, so, in the sea to feed the animals seaweed.
Seaweed, like land plants, can't live without sunshine.Sea green plants in the process of its life, the absorption of nutrients from the sea, under the irradiation of the sunlight, through photosynthesis, synthetic organic matter (sugar, starch, etc.), in order to meet the need of Marine plant life.There must be a sunshine photosynthesis.Sunshine can only through the surface, which makes the seaweed can only live in shallow sea or ocean surface, large seaweed can only live in the sea and the depth of dozens of meters of the bottom of the sea.
algae
In the vast and riches of the sea, in addition to life with all kinds of animals, there are a wide variety, various Marine plants.Marine plants can be divided into two broad categories: simply lower the seeds of algae and higher plants.
The smallest Marine algae size, single cell algae individual small, only can see under the microscope, while the largest kelp can reach a wupan meters long, crown of algae.The ocean seed plants such as eelgrass, mangrove species is less.
Marine plants is sea "fertile grasslands" of the world, it is not only the sea fish, shrimp, crab, shellfish, sea animals, such as the natural pasture, and the green food is a human and also USES the broad industrial raw materials, agricultural fertilizer provider, is the important raw material for manufacturing Marine drugs.Some of the algae, such as kelp also can be used as substitute for energy.Light is energy, Marine plants temperature are essential to the growth of Marine plants, mineral nutrient elements is a Marine plant nutrients.
Seaweed is a family of Marine life.From under a microscope to see necessarily single-celled diatoms and dinoflagellates, kelp to several hundred meters, there are more than 8000.Brown algae is peculiar to Marine algae, its characteristic is huge, kelp, fucus, sac suitability, kelp, sargasso weed is one of the famous brown algae.Kelp is Chinese people like to eat seafood.It not only seafood, and rich nutrition, contain iodine and other minerals and vitamins, to the prevention and treatment of thyroid disease (common weighs big neck).With edible and medicinal value of algae and the Chinese people are very familiar with laver, wakame, AGAR weed, and so on.
The people of the eastern countries such as China and Japan, edible seaweed and with seaweed medicine very ancient history.In the history of the British sailors useful for the prevention and treatment of scurvy red alga records;In the history of the Irish people have relied on red algae, green algae through the famine year record.The west habit than eastern countries common edible seaweed.A western oceanographer who complained: Chinese, Japanese edible seaweed as americans, britons are as common as eating tomatoes.He hoped that one day, westerners are also like the east get into the habit of eating seaweed.
Salt artemisia
Algae is ancient and primitive low equivalents, widely distributed in rivers and lakes and oceans, its variety, all forms, is a large group of plants.
Algae is containing chlorophyll, and other auxiliary pigment, autotrophic plants, plant for single, single cell group and so on three or more cells.Algae has no real difference between roots, stems, leaves, the whole plant is a simple thallus.Algae has function of manufacturing organic parts of the body, so the algae is also called thallus plants.
Algae is the main part of the Marine plants, is one of the human nature of wealth, currently has more than 100 kinds of Marine algae can be used as food.Scientists according to the life of seaweed, divides into the algae planktonic algae and benthic algae type.
The seabed forest
Undersea forest is currently the world's rare species of mangroves, the mangrove growing at the sea bottom in the high end is uneven, the highest can reach 5 meters.Low tide emerged from beaches, swallowed by the sea at high tide, only a few higher, arts of clumps, along with the wave of shaking, all kinds of birds in the trees rest, egrets and herons, black-tailed gulls are frequent here.Dove, bitter to also make home years at a high tree.Many tourists when high tide, white water rafting, meanwhile, through the trees.
A total of five six trees of the forest on the ocean floor.Their roots don't developed, intertwined, round sling, various, is of great ornamental value.In 680 km coastline of fujian zhangzhou coastal mangrove resources is unusually rich.Zhangzhou yunxiao get jiang port has one thousand mu of forest - undersea forest.
CengLinJinRan mangrove coast
Mangrove is growing in the water of the sea in the forest, it is growth in tropical and subtropical coastal and estuarine intertidal zone characteristic of forest vegetation.Their roots developed thicket, and the standing in tidal flats.Green leaves, they have the leather quality glossy shine.They like the lotus, rising above the sinful.High tide, they flooded, or just show the green canopy, as if it props up a stretch on the sea green umbrella.The tide goes out, then into a lush forest.
Mangrove coast are mainly distributed in the tropics.South America coasts and in the west Indies, the west coast of Africa is growth of mangrove zone in the western hemisphere.In the east to the west coast of Indonesia's Sumatra and the Malay peninsula as the center area.Along the bay of Bengal, India, Sri Lanka, the Arabian peninsula to the coast of East Africa, are mangrove grow place.Australia's coastal mangrove distribution is also wider.Indonesia, the Philippines, China and India peninsula to China guangdong, hainan, Taiwan, fujian coastal have distribution.Because of the influence of the kuroshio current, jiuzhou mangrove coast have been distributed to Japan.
The mangrove coast in hainan province and development of the best in our country, the variety, wide area.There are more than 10 kinds of mangrove plants, shrubs and trees.Because of its bark and wood reddish brown, so called mangrove, mangroves.Mangrove leaves is not red, but green.In leafy mangroves coast is a green barrier.
Mangrove development on the tidal flat.Few other plants based on here, only the wind and wave, mangrove forests of unique mangrove coast.
Physiological characteristics of mangrove with high osmotic pressure.Owing to the high osmotic pressure, mangrove can absorb water and nutrients from the mire saline soil, this is mangrove plants can grow in the root in tidal flat solonchak important condition.Mangrove roots into prop root, stilt root and root breathing.A pillar of mangrove roots can have more than 30.These pillars root like support object is the most stable tripod structure, supporting the backbone from different directions, the mangrove wind, waves can defeat.The mangrove forest, to protect the coast stability plays an important role.Occurred in the United States in 1960, for example, Florida's storms, coastal mangrove destroyed thousands of trees, but few roots.Destruction is scraped off or by a whirlwind of peel the bark.
Mangrove plants breath root, as the name suggests, the respiration.In the swamp formation environment, the air in the soil is very lack.Mangrove plants in order to adapt to the anoxic environment, breathing root development.Breathing root rod and knee.Some fine, its only 0.5 cm in diameter, some thick, 10-20 cm in diameter.Mangrove plants is stilt root by breathing root development.Stilt root respiration of mangrove plants and support.The specific function of mangrove plant roots and makes it can grow in the high tide flooded.Mangrove plants in such complex and tight structure and growth environment, make people exclaim.
Is the most interesting of mangrove plant breeding "viviparous" phenomenon.Mangrove plants the seeds of mature after germination on the parent tree.Seedlings after the mature, from seedling trees falling due to gravity, inserted into the soil.This "viviparous" phenomenon in the plant kingdom, it is very rare.Make people more surprising is that seedlings into the mud, a few hours can take root growth in the mud.Sometimes seedlings is falling from the parent tree lay down on the earth, can also grow root, in the grave.When seedling falls into the water, they currents drifted.Sometimes silence for a few months in the sea, even failed to find it need to grow up to one year of the soil.However, once encounter conditions suitable soil root immediately.Although mangrove grow in the water, is a kind of not afraid of waterlogging plants, but it reflects light leather qualitative leaf, leaf stomata subsidence, villous, can reduce evaporation at high temperatures, the ecology of drought.It leaves the exhaust salt glands on the salt could be eliminated.Besides vivipary, mangrove asexual reproduction plant also has the ability to shoot.After they have been cut down, and soon new plants sprouting again on the base stem.
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Marine plants introduction1600字
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