云南苍山洱海导游词

云南苍山洱海导游词（精选3篇）

　　苍山洱海简介：

　　云南省大理白族自治州的苍山洱海是古今旅游者所向往的地方。明代著名文人杨升庵描绘它“山则苍茏垒翠，海则半月掩蓝”，“一望点苍，不觉神爽飞越”。

　　苍山

　　苍山，又名点苍山，共有十九座山峰，最高峰海拔4000多米。

　　苍山十九峰北起洱源邓川，南至下关天生桥。苍山十九峰，巍峨雄壮，与秀丽的洱海风光形成强烈对照，其峰自北而南依次为：云弄、沧浪、五台、莲花、白云、鹤云、三阳、兰峰、雪人、应乐、观音、中和、龙泉、玉局、马龙、圣应、佛顶、马耳、斜阳。这些山峰，海拔一般均在3500米以上，有七座山峰海拔高达4000米以上，最高的马龙峰海拔4122米。苍山十九峰，每两峰之间都有一条溪水奔泻而下，流入洱海，这就是著名的十八溪，溪序为：霞移、万花、阳溪、茫涌、锦溪、灵泉、白石、双鸳、隐仙、梅溪、桃溪、中溪、绿玉、龙溪、清碧、莫残、葶溟、阳南。苍山景色向来以雪、云、泉著称。经夏不消的苍山雪，是素负盛名的大理“风花雪月”四景之最。在风和日丽的阳春三月，点苍山顶显得晶莹娴静，不愧是一个冰清玉洁的水晶世界。

　　点苍山的云变幻多姿，时而淡如青烟，时而浓似泼墨。在夏秋之交，不时出现玉带似的白云横束在苍翠的山腰，长亘百里，竟日不消，妩媚动人。 　　 在苍山顶上，有着不少高山冰碛湖泊，湖泊四周是遮天蔽日的原始森林。还有18条溪水，泻于19峰之间，滋润着山麓坝子里的土地，也点缀了苍山的风光。苍山还是一个花团锦簇的世界。不仅有几十种杜鹃，而且有珍稀的茈碧花和绣球似的马缨花等。

　　洱海

　　洱海是一个风光明媚的高原湖泊，呈狭长形，南北长40公里，面积约240平方公里。在风平浪静的日子里泛舟洱海，那干净透明的海面宛如碧澄澄的蓝天，给人以宁静而悠远的感受。

　　在洱海最南端的团山，有一座洱海公园，是观赏苍山洱海景色的好处所。

　　苍山洱海，山水相依，洱海是仅次于滇池的云南第二大湖，北起洱源县江尾乡，南止大理下关，海拔1972米，南北长41.5公里，面积约251平方公里，因为湖的形状酷似人耳，故名洱海。在洱海最南端的团山有一座洱海公园，是观赏苍山洱海景色的好处所。

　　从空中往下看，洱海宛如一轮新月，静静地依卧在苍山和大理坝子之间。洱海共有3岛、4洲、5湖、9曲。洱海属断层陷落湖泊，湖水清澈见底，透明度很高，自古以来一直被称作“群山间的无瑕美玉”。传说在海底生长着一棵硕大无比的玉白菜，这碧波莹莹的湖水，就是一滴滴从玉白菜的心底沁涌出来的玉液。

　　洱海到苍山之间是一片扇形的冲击平坝，这里田地肥沃、村落相连，崇圣寺三塔笔立挺拔，素有“风景画廊”之称，风光、名胜、民俗融为一体。 　　从小码头入园沿石阶登山，登至山顶，便可看到飞檐翘角的望海楼，漫步在望海楼长廊，极目眺望，苍山洱海风光尽收眼底。

　　苍山，又名点苍山，因其山色苍翠，山顶点白而得名。苍山连绵50多公里，由19座山峰组成，巍峨耸立，直插云霄，海拔一般都在4000米左右，峰顶上终年积雪。这十九峰从南至北分别是：斜阳峰、 马耳峰、佛顶峰、圣应峰、马龙峰、玉局峰、龙泉峰、 三阳峰、中和峰、圣观间峰、应乐峰、雪人峰、兰峰、 三阳峰、鹤云峰、白云峰、连花峰、五台峰、苍浪峰、 云弄峰。十九峰中，马龙峰最高，海拔4122米。

　　苍山十九峰，两峰夹一溪，一共十八溪，溪水东流，注入洱海。十八溪由南向北分别为：阳南溪、葶溟溪、莫残溪、清碧溪、 龙溪、绿玉溪、中溪、桃溪、梅溪、隐仙溪、双怨溪、 白石溪、灵泉溪、锦溪、茫涌溪、阳溪、万花溪、霞移溪。

　　苍山自然景观优美，风景名胜荟萃。如闻名遐迩的蝴蝶泉、奇险兼有的凤眼洞和龙眼洞、历史悠久的将军洞、南诏德化碑感通寺、中和寺等文物古迹。山顶有绮丽的花甸坝子、洗马潭、黄龙潭、古代冰川遗迹等自然景观。古人将苍山多种自然景观概括为苍山八景，即晓色画屏、苍山春雪、云横玉带、凤眼生辉、碧水叠潭、玉局浮云、溪瀑丸石、金霞夕照。

　　苍山景色以雪、云、泉、石著称。经夏不消的苍山雪，是大理“风花雪月”四大名景之最。皑皑苍山雪，素裹银装，在阳光照耀下，洁白晶莹。关于苍山雪，历代文人墨客赞辞颇多，民间传说也不少。明代文学家李元阳曾赞美：“日丽苍山雪，瑶台十九峰”。

　　相传在远古的大理，有一年来了一批瘟神，到处散布瘟疫，河海地区瘟疫流行。很多百姓被瘟疫压 去了生命，人们苦不堪言。苍山脚下两兄妹从外学法回来，决心为民除害。哥哥带着狂风，妹妹带着大雪，把瘟神赶到 苍山顶上。为使百姓不再受瘟疫的侵害，哥哥化为风神，妹妹化作雪神，用大风大雪把瘟神冻死在山顶。从 此苍山上的积雪就终年不化，成为“风花雪月”四景之首——苍山雪。苍山十九峰，每峰海拔都在3500米以上，最高的马龙峰达4122米，由于海拔较高，峰顶异常严寒，终年白雪皑皑，在阳光下晶莹洁白，蔚为壮观。

　　苍山的云更是名闻遐迩。云聚云散，有时淡如轻烟，有时浓如泼墨。在变幻多姿的云景中，最神奇的是“望夫云”和“玉带云”。所谓“望夫云”是指每当冬春时节，苍山玉局峰顶常会出现一朵孤单的白云，忽起忽落，上下飘动，若盼若顾。奇特之处在于，它一出现，点苍山便骤起暴风，刮向洱海。所谓“玉带云”是指每当夏未秋初，雨后初晴，苍山十九峰半山间往往会出现白云朵朵，云朵聚汇，慢慢拉开，宛若洁白的玉带横束苍翠的山腰，绵延数十里，经日不散。奇妙的是，“玉带云”会预兆农业丰收——它出现次数多，当年就风调雨顺。当地白族有农谚：“苍山系玉带，饿狗吃白米”。

　　玉带云

　　多出现在夏末秋初的雨后初晴时，苍山腰部出现一条乳白色的带状云，缠绕山腰，将百里苍山分为两截，故有“云横玉带”之称。

　　在秋季雨过天晴的早晨，苍山之腰出现的缕 缕云丝，然后逐渐聚拢，汇成一条无暇的白练，宛若玉带横系苍山十九峰，把巍峨起伏的群山拦腰截断; 继而慢慢地又化为万朵雪莲，盛开在苍山文巅，转眼 间又似春风中飞舞的柳花絮影，消失得无影无踪。

　　传说这是观音下凡，预示着来年一定风调雨顺。清人张杨度曾以"秋来雨后看之容，天将玉带封山公。"的诗句来赞美神奇美妙的玉带云。

　　望夫云

　　秋冬时节，苍山玉局峰巅常常出现一种絮状白色云团，不离不散，像一位满怀愁思的公主俯首探望被打下海底的情人，这就是民间传说中的“望夫云”。只要望夫云一出现，狂风怒吼，洱海波涛汹涌，船不能行，所以又称为无渡云。

　　传说望夫云是南诏阿公主的化身，她因与苍山上的年轻猎 、人相爱，遭父王反对，并请来罗法师将阿龙害死，打入海 底变为石骡。公主因愤郁和思念死于苍山玉局峰，其精气化为一朵白云，怒而生风，发誓要吹开海水寻找情人。从此，每年秋冬季节，常常有一股洁白飘逸的云气从苍山玉局峰吹向万里浩空，在蓝天的映衬下，显得格外洁净而奇丽， 象一位素洁的少女立于苍山之巅向洱海眺望。只要它一出 、现，海上就会狂风大作，洱海随之波涛翻滚。狂风大有不吹飞海水，不见海底石螺子，誓不罢休之势。

　　苍山的泉也有名。十九峰中海拔在3800米以上的峰顶有不少高山冰蚀湖泊，这是第四纪冰川留下来的。还有那十八溪的溪水，飞瀑叠泉，四季奔泄。在清纯甘甜泉水的滋养下，苍山充满生机。冰蚀湖畔，密布着原始森林和许多珍奇林木、奇异花卉。苍山的花卉早就芳名远播，而且它还使苍山名扬四海。“在美国有100多万人知道中国云南的大理苍山，因为他们都种有许多美丽的大理苍山杜鹃花。”

　　苍山的石，驰名中外。郭沫若有《咏大理石》诗：“三塔矜高古，回思贞观年。苍山韵风月，奇石吐云烟。相在心胸外，凉生时腋间。天功人力代，海外竟珍传。”苍山孕育了大理石，大理石就是苍山的魂。这种瑰丽的奇石，世界许多地方都有，独大理最奇美，且开发得早，因此全世界凡此奇石均称为“大理石”。“大理”也因石而名扬天下。

　　苍山现沿山腰部开辟了1条游路。在大理古城北门外，还建有1条7000余米长的索道、可直达中和寺。游客可乘索道往返。

　　苍山洗马潭

　　洗马潭古称表龙潭，它位于苍山第二高峰玉局峰顶的一个平台上，海拔四千零九十七米，距峰尖约五十步。 洗马潭方圆百余米，水深一米六七，呈椭圆锅底形，潭底和四周由很薄的青石板自然铺砌而成。潭水晶莹碧澈，终年不涸，它是苍山顶上一个风景绝佳的高山湖泊。

　　潭周布满形同虬龙的高山杜鹃灌木林，其下不远处则是高大挺拔的苍山冷杉原始林带和茅竹林带。

　　每当春夏之交，杜鹃盛开，湖边五彩缤纷，斑斓一片， 烂若云霞，一侧衬着刚吐新绿的翠竹和墨蓝苍郁的冷杉，一侧衬着斑驳灰黄的岩峰石屏，倒映湖中。游人若有兴致躺于湖边一块岩石上任凭丛生的粉紫荆花、 淡黄野百合花、浓艳的龙爪花亲吻抚弄脸颊，会疲劳顿消，神志为之一爽，再加上随风送来阵阵山杜鹃的蜜香，使人留连忘返。

　　凤眼洞

　　从大理古城向西南方向，至苍山龙泉峰麓，再上爬七八里，便到了凤眼洞。

　　凤眼洞嵌在龙泉峰半腰靠南的普陀崖上。这里悬崖万仞，架空凌虚，景色幽峭。岩通一线，洞口恰似一只凤凰的眼睛。洞背面是龙泉峰的侧面。洞前面是一块凌虚巨岩，走向岩边探头往下望去，只见绿玉溪和一条匹练倾泻而下，云气茫茫， 深渊万丈，令人目眩，这就是“舍身崖”。崖南有一张靠东面西的石床，表面光滑发亮，人称“仙人床”。这是凤眼洞最奇险之处。床边石壁上刻有“此地非人间”、“应知别有天”等。又有一称“西佛像亭”之所在，每亭内雕有一尊石佛，要想看到佛象的全貌，必须坐到仙人床上仰望，俗称“回头望八仙”。凤眼洞，自古以险峻著称，堪称苍山胜景之一。

　　苍山公园

　　在下关西北郊的斜阳峰麓，即将军洞风景区。

　　1982年，由下关市人民政府开辟为苍山公园，在将军洞的外围新建松柏园和清泉瀑布两大景区。松柏园中有山门石牌坊，上有“斜阳胜境”大理石匾，建有长廊亭阁，供游人休息。瀑布由悬崖峭壁上跌下，常年不断。花园、瀑布和将军洞古建筑群浑然一体，占地数百亩，景致优美。林木森森，流水溢翠， 东观洱海碧波，南听西洱河涛声，背靠斜阳主峰。

　　将军洞始建于明末清初，主要建筑有门楼、戏台、大殿、财神殿、娘娘殿、厢房等，整个建筑群具有浓厚的白族风格。其中大殿为单檐歇山顶建筑，雕龙画栋，十分雄伟壮观。唐天宝年间，唐将李密率兵攻打南诏，进至西洱河，被南诏王打败，全军覆没，筑万人冢于河尾南岸，百姓为纪念李密而建祠，俗称将军洞。庙前有一株数百年的大青树，传说为李密兵败逃至斜阳峰，将手中兵器插在地上，后来长大成树。将军洞的存在，充分反映出边疆各族人民反对分裂，反对征战，要求和平的愿望，及大度能容，涵纳万物的宽阔胸怀。

　　周城

　　在苍山沧浪峰下，是大理最大的白族聚居的村镇——喜洲镇，人口 8350人。村里房屋建筑多为三方一照壁的白族民居，粉墙青瓦，巷道幽深。

　　南、北西个广场上，各生长着两棵高大的榕树(俗称大青树)。南广场前有一巨大的照壁，嵌有"苍洱毓秀"4个大字。北广场有一砖林结构的古戏台，座东朝西，台高2公尺，抬梁式的建筑歇山顶戏台，正对两棵大青树，这里是每日下午集 市贸易的地方。每逢火把节这里竖起巨大的火把，成了庆祝演出活动的场所。

　　此外，村里还有本主庙，文昌宫等古建筑，显得古色古香。由于办起了社队企业，商业经济十分活跃，有传统的扎染酿酒、食品加工以及建筑等行业，办起了文化宫、电影院、学校、医院等，有浓郁的民族风情。因距蝴蝶泉公园较近，游览游客与日剧增，村里食宿方便，特别是豆腐煮鱼味美可口，独具风格，成了大理的重要民俗旅游村。

　　花甸坝

　　花甸坝，是苍山顶上一块美丽富饶的盆地，在苍山云弄峰和沧浪峰之巅，海拔二千九百公尺，南北长二十多公里， 东西宽约三公里。坝子西部有类似苍山的十九座山峰，称小苍山，林木茂密。山中有大大小小的小溪40多条，汇聚后成为苍山万花溪。

　　顺着喜洲镇对面的万花溪，攀登两个多小时，便可到达花甸哨口。进了哨口，一块铺碧飞霞的宽坝子蓦地展现在眼前，使人顿觉豁然开朗，心旷神怡。花甸坝四面，群峰起伏，翠竹满山，流水叮咚，小鸟欢鸣，静谧而秀丽。花甸坝奇花异卉争奇夺艳，每到春夏之间，满山遍野都是马樱花，纵横20多里，汇成花的海洋，成为花的世界。花中间杂着白豆花、芍药花等草本花卉，五彩缤纷，瑰丽迷人。山茶花、杜鹃花、映山红、野菊 花、豹子花、龙抓花，把整个坝子都点缀得五彩缤纷。 花甸坝是植物的王国，花的海洋。

　　古佛洞

　　古佛洞座落在大理苍山云弄峰上，是一个天然的溶洞， 因洞内塑有佛像而得名。明末我国著名的地理学家徐霞客曾考察过，在《滇游日记》中记载：“南山峡中有古佛洞甚异，但是悬岸绝壁，恐不能行，无引者亦不能识”。在引者的指引下，徐霞客不畏艰险，攀枝直下，来到洞口，但因“跃陡甚难，不得度而下”。每当人们读到此，无不为徐霞客未能进洞内考察而深感遗憾，同时，也给古佛洞增添了一层神秘的色彩。

　　溶洞曲折幽深，怪石离奇，是一个神妙的世界。这种景观的造成，是由于地下水不断渗透，水里所含的碳酸钙长期沉积逐渐形成钟乳和石笋。这种奇异的景界，后来被僧侣们寻找到了，为了向善男信女游说骗取“功德”，又在这些钟乳和石笋上雕凿佛像、菩萨像。 这也正是《徐霞客游记》中所说：“数年前，有一僧栖此间，多置佛，故以佛名”。当然僧侣们在雕凿时并没有想到能为今人留下一份珍贵的文化艺术。

　　Erhai Lake is named for its momentum like a sea and shape like a human ear.It is a fault lake formed by crustal movement. It is the second largest plateaufreshwater lake in Yunnan Province. It was once known as "yeyuze" and"kunmichuan" in ancient literature. The water surface is about 1972 meters abovesea level. It starts from Jiangwei township of Eryuan County in the north andends at Xiaguan town of Dali City in the south. It is shaped like a crescentmoon. It is 41.5 kilometers long from north to south, 3 to 9 kilometers widefrom east to west. The water depth of Pingge is 105 meters, and the deepestreaches 20.5 meters. ·Erhai Lake has a vast water area with a circumference of116 kilometers and an area of 251 square kilometers. Erhai lake belongs tolancangkou water system, with Miju River in the north; Donghui BOLUO River, XinaCangshan eighteen streams, in addition, submarine faults also continue to havediving gush, thus forming an inexhaustible lake, rich in water, catchment areaof 2565 square kilometers, the average water capacity of 2.82 billion cubicmeters, the lake water from the West Er River, and Yangbi River confluence intoLancang River, and finally into the Pacific Ocean, due to the inflow and outflowof Erhai water, Erhai Lake water flow out The quality of sea water is excellent,which is suitable for the reproduction and growth of all kinds of fish, shrimpand shellfish. At the same time, Erhai Lake is rich in aquatic resources.

　　Now our cruise ship has been driving in the rippling Erhai Lake.

　　Known as the "Pearl of the plateau", Erhai Lake is the main scenic resourceof Dali scenic spot and the most important birthplace of Bai ancestors. So far,more than 30 Neolithic sites have been found in Erhai Lake and its surroundinghillside platform. Jinsuo island in Haidong is a famous Neolithic site.Recently, it was discovered that Yuji island in Shuanglang is also an importantsite of Neolithic age and bronze age. In addition to a large number of stonetools and pottery for daily use, there are also mountain shaped sword, ironblade sword with copper handle and pottery models for casting these weapons. Itcan be inferred that it may be the production base for the ancient Bai ancestorsto smelt and cast bronzes until the iron age. There are historical heritages inevery era here. It seems that we can hear the footsteps of Bai's ancestors fromancient times to civilization. Therefore, it can also be said that Erhai Lake isthe cradle of Bai nationality.

　　Now our boat is passing by Guanyin Pavilion. The name of Guanyin Pavilionin your guide map is Tianjing Pavilion, which was called LUOQUAN temple inancient times. This LUOQUAN temple is closely related to Wangfu cloud, a cloudin Cangshan Mountain. The legend of wangfuyun is a household name in Dali. Hereis a brief introduction to the legend of Wangfu cloud.

　　It is said that the king of Nanzhao had a smart and beautiful princess. Shemet a young and handsome hunter at the grand meeting of "around the threespirits". They loved each other and secretly made a lifelong commitment. Theprincess confided her true feelings to her father and asked for permission.After hearing this, the king was very angry and put the princess in the deeppalace. The princess was very sad. She was depressed all day and didn't thinkabout food and tea. She was looking forward to the hunter to help her out. Theprincess asked her maid to go to Cangshan to find the hunter and tell hersituation and miss. The hunter was very worried when he heard about it, but theprincess was imprisoned in the deep palace, so he couldn't get close to it. Heran wildly on Cangshan Mountain and called out the name of the princess. Theirpure love moved the mountain god. The mountain god gave the hunter a pair ofwings. With wings, the hunter flew into the palace quietly and took the princessout of the palace wall. Here, Nanzhao King couldn't find his daughter. He wasangry and anxious. He invited master Luo Quan from Haidong. Master Luo Quan usedthe sky mirror to show that the princess was in the cave of Yuju peak, and heused the poison of snow to threaten the princess to return to the palace. Thehunter ventured to fly to LUOQUAN temple and stole master LUOQUAN's eighttreasures cassock to protect the princess from the cold. When he flew over ErhaiLake, the hateful master LUOQUAN knocked him down into Erhai Lake and turned himinto a rock - a stone mule. When the princess heard the news, she died ofsadness. After the death of the princess, her essence turns into a white cloud.Every year in the severe winter, the white cloud rises to the top of Yuju peakand looks out at Erhai Lake. As soon as this white cloud appears, the Erhai seawill be windy and the waves will not stop until the stone mule on the bottom ofthe sea appears. It is said that at this time, the princess wants to blow awaythe sea and have a look at the lover on the bottom of the sea. However, it istrue that once Wangfu cloud appears, even on a fine day, it will suddenly bewindy and stormy, so fishing boats will not be able to travel on the sea.Therefore, local fishermen also call Wangfu cloud "no ferry cloud", which meansno ferry.

　　In fact, Wangfu cloud is just a meteorological cloud. It usually appears insunny days in winter and spring, and is formed by the high-speed flow of air.This is related to the special geographical location of Erhai Lake in Cangshanand the steep mountain of Yuju peak. Its appearance indicates the coming of dryand strong monsoon in India. It is an alarm for safe navigation of ships inErhai Lake. Stone mule is a reef in Erhai Lake, which is also called Dinghaipile. Now this reef has been exposed to the sea and used as a navigation mark byboatman. But the imaginative Bai people gave it such a moving legend, whichnaturally linked wangfuyun, the reef on the sea and LUOQUAN temple. To turn acloud, a stone and a temple into a vivid, vivid and substantial beauty alsomakes Wangfu cloud more magical and interesting in everyone's mind.

　　In front of us, the exquisite Island you can see is little Putuo, thesmallest but most famous island in Erhai Lake. In Erhai Lake, little Putuo canbe said to be a "pocket island". Although the island is small, it is well-known,and it is indispensable in the picture books that introduce Dali.

　　Xiaoputuo is only more than 200 meters in circumference. It is composed oflimestone and covers a total area of about 70 square meters. Why is it calledlittle Putuo? Putuo is the abbreviation of putuoluojia mountain in Sanskrit,which means little white flower mountain or little flower tree mountain. It issaid that it is the place where Guanyin practices in India. Therefore, most ofthe holy places of Guanyin are called Putuo Mountain. For example, PutuoMountain in Zhejiang Province, one of the four famous Buddhist mountains inChina, is named "little Putuo" because its appearance is more like the legendaryTaoist temple of Guanyin, but its scale and terrain are relatively small.

　　From a distance, little Putuo looks like a natural bonsai in Erhai Lake. Itis said that when Guanyin came to Dali, she saw the beautiful scenery, pleasantclimate, hardworking and kind-hearted Bai people. She loved this land very much.In addition, she also saw that there were many dragons in Erhai Lake, whichoften caused violent waves. So she put a Zhenhai seal in Erhai Lake, hoping thatit would always keep Dali safe. This reef is the seal used by GuanyinBodhisattva to suppress Jiaolong. Therefore, "little Putuo" is also known as"Haiyin", so the nearby fishing village is also named "Haiyin village".

　　Xiaoputuo is a scenic spot with beautiful scenery in Erhai, and also aplace with rich Buddhist culture. It was probably during the reign of Chongzhenin the Ming Dynasty that fishermen nearby donated money to build this two-storyPavilion on the island. The pavilion below is dedicated to Dadu Maitreya, andthe pavilion above is dedicated to Guanyin. Dali Buddhism has a remarkablefeature, that is, it is close to Bodhisattva rather than Buddha. Therefore, mostof the Bai people in Dali worship Guanyin in temples. There are male and femalefaces in Guanyin, and the female one is offered in little Putuo of Erhai Lake.This is the obvious difference between Dali and Hinayana Buddhism inXishuangbanna and Dehong.

　　In the eyes of Bai people, little Putuo is the most spiritual island. EverySpring Festival or any happy event, the Bai people in the nearby villages haveto go to little Putuo for sacrifice to celebrate or for peace. Every time thebride and groom get married, the groom will take the bride around the Islandthree times in a boat, hoping that little Putuo can bring them: Happiness andauspiciousness.

　　Today, all of you come to Dali from afar to feel the history, culture,customs and people's feelings here. We also hope that little Putuo can bring youhappiness and peace.

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